A 21-year-old male patient presented with the main complaint of incisal edge discrepancy between his upper central incisors. On intra-oral examination, it was found that the incisal edge of his upper...

A normal functioning ear apparatus is essential for hearing and ultimately speech development. When a noise is created it sends a sound wave that causes vibration of the tympanic membrane. This...

A 26-year-old Caucasian female was referred by her general dental practitioner with an increased overjet and an anterior open bite. She had been a persistent digit sucker until 18 months previously..

Indications for orthodontic treatment in adults include:.

This technique can be used for the treatment of Class II molars when the lower arch is not crowded or where the crowding is so mild that alignment will not lead to over-proclination of the lower...

Dentigerous cysts are epithelial-lined cavities, typically enclosing the crown of an unerupted tooth at the cemento-enamel junction. As the follicle expands, fluid collects between the reduced enamel...

Although modern multidisciplinary management offers a higher likelihood of optimal outcome for the younger cleft patients, results can still be far from ideal, depending upon the severity of the...

Autism is a common developmental disorder that can prove to be a barrier to dental treatment due to challenging behaviour management. Autism originates from the Greek word ‘autos’ meaning self and was...

A 9-year-old boy was referred from a specialist orthodontist to a consultant led paediatric dental service, regarding severe hypodontia and microdontia. The patient was unhappy regarding the...

This prospective study compared the efficiency of two removable retainers over a period of one year of retention. Fifty patients at the stage of removal of fixed orthodontic appliances with...

Unlike many other aspects of dentistry, where appliances are placed in the expectation that they will remain in place for perhaps 20 years or more, in orthodontics appliances need to remain in place...

The objectives of orthodontic care leading to the orthognathic management of a Class III skeletal discrepancy are:.

Transmigration of mandibular canines is a rare phenomenon with as few as 200 reported cases to date.3,4 According to various authors, the incidence of transmigration of canine ranges from 0.075% to...

A 38-year-old female was referred to the practice for orthodontic correction of the overerupted and periodontally compromised upper right central incisor tooth (Figure 1). Although her periodontal...

Traditionally, the orthodontist has five key periods of input for a child with cleft lip and palate (Table 1). Some of these aspects are covered in separate articles within this series (Primary...