Miller H. Tooth transplantation. J Oral Surg. 1951; 9
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Management of severe traumatic injuries and complex dental anomalies in children requires a holistic approach with planning for both short- and long-term eventualities. The goal is to provide biological treatment that maximizes the long-term dental health, appearance and function. Tooth autotransplantation is one potential solution for tooth replacement that is able to fulfil these aims. This series of four articles provides an overview of autotransplantation, including a description of the biological basis for the technique and factors affecting success. It will also provide an outline of the indications and the procedures involved for performing autotransplantation, including the interdisciplinary approach to treatment planning and management. This first article discusses the history of tooth transplantation, indications and the factors that can influence outcome.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: Orthodontists should be aware that tooth autotransplantation is a highly versatile technique with good success rates if used in favourable cases. This method should be considered part of the armamentarium for tooth replacement in a growing child.
Article
Tooth transplantation is the controlled extraction and re-implantation of a donor tooth to a recipient site. Reports of tooth transplantation date back to the 16th century1 but, in these cases, teeth were usually taken from one person and transplanted to another, leading to problems with rejection due to poor knowledge of histocompatibility. Autotransplantation, also known as autologous tooth transplantation, was developed to overcome this problem by extracting and replanting a tooth or teeth within the same person. Autotransplantation was first reported in the 1950s in relation to impacted third molars but the outcomes were highly variable.2 Premolar autotransplantation into the premaxilla was initiated in the 1970s and remains the most popular technique.3,4 Subsequent advancements in the understanding of periodontal ligament healing mechanisms have contributed to the adoption of more atraumatic surgical techniques, with favourable outcomes.5
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