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Does Orthodontic Treatment Provide Long-term Improvements in Patients' Self-esteem and Oral Health-related Quality of Life? A Literature Review Katie Doody Dental Update 2024 14:4, 707-709.
Orthodontic treatment is often provided on the assumption that improvements of oral function and aesthetics will result in improved self-esteem (SE) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This article reviews the current available literature pertaining to the effect of orthodontic treatment on SE and OHRQoL, with a special focus on the longevity of any influence observed. Currently, there is no strong evidence to support that orthodontic treatment causes significant increases in SE and OHRQoL. Reports of treatment benefit in this regard remain equivocal, and the longevity of any effects on SE or OHRQoL remains unknown. This provides an insight into evidence-based treatment benefits and aids informed decision-making.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: An awareness of the effect of orthodontic treatment on self-esteem and oral health-related quality of life is important to allow a greater understanding of treatment benefit and satisfaction
Article
Orthodontics is a specialized branch of dentistry concerned with the development and management of deviations from the normal position of the teeth, jaws and face.1 Such deviations are termed malocclusions, and may be considered variations from an arbitrary norm.2 Fixed or removable orthodontic appliances or even orthognathic surgery may be used to achieve the desired results of treatment, and in some cases, extraction of one or more teeth is required. Previous research has shown the oral health benefits of orthodontic treatment to be relatively limited,3 and there has recently been increased interest in examining its potential psychosocial gains. Two areas of particular interest are treatment effects on self-esteem (SE) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).
Coopersmith defined SE as ‘the extent to which a person believes himself to be capable, significant, successful and worthy’.4 It is a global positive or negative assessment of self.5 Parents and peers have a major influence in the development of an individual's SE.4,6,7 Personal satisfaction with one's appearance also strongly correlates to SE levels; this relationship being particularly evident in adolescence.8 The terms ‘self-concept’ and ‘self-esteem’ are often used interchangeably in the literature.9 Good SE is regarded as a desirable trait, because poor SE has been implicated as a causative factor in many personal and social issues.10 Over 200 tools are available to measure individuals' SE levels.11 The most commonly used scales include the following four: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory; the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale; and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale.
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