References

Kokich VG. Surgical and orthodontic management of impacted maxillary canines. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004; 126:278-228
Roberts-Harry D, Sandy J. Verifiable CPD paper: Orthodontics. Part 10: Impacted teeth. Br Dent J. 2004; 196:319-327
Bedoya MM, Park JH. A review of the diagnosis and management of impacted maxillary canines. J Am Dent Assoc. 2009; 140:1485-1493
Conley RS, Boyd SB, Legan HL, Jernigan CC, Starling C, Potts C. Treatment of a patient with multiple impacted teeth. Angle Orthod. 2007; 77:735-741
Wilkinson PD, Dysart PS, Hood JA, Herbison GP. Load-deflection characteristics of superelastic nickel-titanium orthodontic wires. Am J Orthod.

Tricks of the trade: enhancing performance of Ni-Ti auxiliary archwires

From Volume 11, Issue 2, April 2018 | Page 77

Authors

Emile Habib

BDS, MJDF, MOrth

Specialist Registrar in Orthodontics Post-CCST, Orthodontic Department, Birmingham Dental Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BW

Articles by Emile Habib

Devesh Shelat

BDS, MFDS

Dental Core Trainee in Paediatric Dentistry, Paediatric Department, Birmingham Dental Hospital (previous); Specialist Registrar in Orthodontics, Orthodontic Department, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BW (present)

Articles by Devesh Shelat

David Spary

BDS, FDS RCPS, DOrth

Consultant in Orthodontics, Queen's Hospital, Burton-on-Trent

Articles by David Spary

Article

The mechanics involved in orthodontic alignment of impacted teeth can be challenging.1 Traction to unerupted teeth that have had a closed exposure is often achieved with nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) auxiliary archwires, supported by a stainless steel base archwire (‘piggy-back’ archwires).2 This method provides good vertical anchorage and utilizes the super-elastic properties of the Ni-Ti archwires to apply a light force to the tooth.5 Ideally, this force should be light and remain active for a long period before reactivation is necessary,1,2,3,4 but a drawback of this technique is the range of deflection of the auxiliary wire is often limited, resulting in the force becoming inactive relatively quickly.

To overcome this issue, the auxiliary wire can be placed over the occlusal aspect of the orthodontic brackets bonded to the adjacent teeth. This provides a greater deflection of the auxiliary wire that will remain active for a longer duration (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Auxiliary wire placed over the occlusal aspect of the UR3 bracket.

Auxiliary buttons can also be bonded to the adjacent teeth should the clinician wish to increase the deflection of the auxiliary wire even further. The clinical photos in Figure 2 were taken 12 weeks apart and demonstrate the efficiency of this modification to the Ni-Ti piggy-back technique (Figure 2).

Figure 2. (a–d) Auxiliary buttons added onto adjacent teeth to UR3 to increase deflection of the auxiliary wire further.

Other auxiliaries can be used in conjunction with this technique. For example, an elastomeric chain can be used to change the direction of the force vector applied to the tooth (Figure 3).

Figure 3. The concurrent use of an elastomeric chain to apply a distal force vector to the unerupted canine.

The advantage of this clinical tip is that patient recall appointments can be at a normal or increased interval without the traction becoming passive, reducing the number of appointments and improving your service provision.