Hague AL. Eating disorders: screening in the dental office. J Am Dent Assoc. 2010; 141:675-678
Milosevic A. Eating disorders – a dentist's perspective. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 1999; 7
Ximenes R, Couto G, Sougey E. Eating disorders in adolescents and their repercussions in oral health. Int J Eat Disord. 2010; 43:59-64 https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20660
DeBate RD, Vogel E, Tedesco LA, Neff JA. Sex differences among dentists regarding eating disorders and secondary prevention practices. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006; 137:773-781
Uhlen MM, Tveit AB, Stenhagen KR, Mulic A. Self-induced vomiting and dental erosion – a clinical study. BMC Oral Health. 2014; 14 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6831-14-92
Pawlaczyk-Kamienska T, Osinska A, Sniatala R. Dental implications of eating disorders. Dent Med Probl. 2016; 53:524-528 https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/64429
Micali N, Hagberg KW, Petersen I, Treasure JL. The incidence of eating disorders in the UK in 2000–2009: findings from the General Practice Research Database. BMJ Open. 2013; 3 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002646
Rosen DS Clinical report: identification and management of eating disorders in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2010; 126
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013
Romanos GE, Javed F, Romanos EB, Williams RC. Oro-facial manifestations in patients with eating disorders. Appetite. 2012; 59:499-504 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.06.016
Rosten A, Newton T. The impact of bulimia nervosa on oral health: a review of the literature. Br Dent J. 2017; 223:533-539
Johansson AK, Johansson A, Nohlert E Eating disorders – knowledge, attitudes, management and clinical experience of Norwegian dentists. BMC Oral Health. 2015; 15 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-015-0114-7
Hellstrom I. Oral complications in anorexia-nervosa. Scand J Dent Res. 1977; 85:71-86
Hurst PS, Lacey JH, Crisp AH. Teeth, vomiting and diet – study of dental characteristics of 17 anorexia-nervosa patients. Postgrad Med J. 1977; 53:298-305
Goodwin D, Machin L. How we tackled the problem of assessing humanities, social and behavioural sciences in medical education. Med Teach. 2016; 38:137-140 https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159x.2015.1045844
Keel PK, Forney KJ. Psychosocial risk factors for eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2013; 46:433-439 https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22094
Rutherford J, McGuffin P, Katz RJ, Murray RM. Genetic influences on eating attitudes in a normal female twin population. Psychol Med. 1993; 23:425-436
Dajani DR, Uddin LQ. Demystifying cognitive flexibility: Implications for clinical and developmental neuroscience. Trends Neurosci. 2015; 38:571-578 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2015.07.003
Culbert KM, Racine SE, Klump KL. Research review: what we have learned about the causes of eating disorders – a synthesis of sociocultural, psychological, and biological research. J Child Psychol Psychiatr. 2015; 56:1141-1164 https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12441
Kisely S, Baghaie H, Lalloo R, Johnson NW. Association between poor oral health and eating disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatr. 2015; 207:299-305 https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.156323
Robb ND, Smith BGN, Geidrysleeper E. The distribution of erosion in the dentitions of patients with eating disorders. Br Dent J. 1995; 178:171-175 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4808695
Forney KJ, Buchman-Schmitt JM, Keel PK, Frank GKW. The medical complications associated with purging. Int J Eating Disord. 2016; 49:249-259 https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22504
DeBate RD, Cragun D, Gallentine AA Evaluate, assess, treat: development and evaluation of the EAT framework to increase effective communication regarding sensitive oral-systemic health issues. Eur J Dent Educ. 2012; 16:232-238 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0579.2012.00747.x
Oberne A. Self-induced vomiting as a function of bulimia nervosa increases the risk for oral health issues. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2014; 14:195-196 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebdp.2014.10.002
Conviser JH, Fisher SD, Mitchell KB. Oral care behavior after purging in a sample of women with bulimia nervosa. J Am Dent Assoc. 2014; 145:352-354
Waylen A. The importance of communication in dentistry. Dent Update. 2017; 44:774-780
A review of the eating disorders literature with reference to dentistry Dental Update 2024 14:3, 707-709.
Abstract
Eating disorders are severe psychiatric illnesses associated with physical and psychological morbidity and mortality. In the UK, around 1 in 9 people are directly affected. Oral healthcare professionals may be among the first to observe the signs and symptoms of an eating disorder because of the recognizable and consistent links with oral pathology and it is important that they are sufficiently informed about the condition, and feel confident in raising it with patients and/or their families.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: Oral healthcare professionals may be among the first to suspect that a patient has an eating disorder: they can play a role in diagnosis and appropriate referral, as well as providing appropriate oral healthcare advice.
Article
In the United Kingdom, over 700,000 people, or around 1 in 9, currently have an eating disorder1 – a severe psychiatric illness associated with physical and psychological morbidity as well as mortality.2 Because symptoms of eating disorders may manifest internally and externally to the oral cavity and mucosa, dentists may be among the first to suspect the presence of an eating disorder in an individual.3,4,5,6,7
In 2009, the annual incidence rate (new cases) of eating disorders in the UK was around 37/100,000,8 with the condition being diagnosed more frequently in women than in men, although incidence is increasing for both.8,9 The American Psychiatric Association (APA) defines the diagnostic criteria for eating disorders with specific reference to anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and a range of other disorders, including the much less common binge eating disorder (BED), avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) and unspecified feeding or eating disorders (UFED) (Table 1).10
Register now to continue reading
Thank you for visiting Orthodontic Update and reading some of our resources. To read more, please register today. You’ll enjoy the following great benefits:
