Abstract
This article provides an update on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) imaging in contemporary orthodontics. The use of computed radiography (CR) and direct digital radiography (DR) for two-dimensional intra- and extra-oral imaging are outlined and compared. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are discussed and various common imaging faults that may be produced are illustrated. 3D Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) image production is presented and discussed with consideration to patient dose and its applications in orthodontics. The current SEDENTEX CT guidelines for the appropriate use of this imaging modality are also outlined.