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Orthognathic surgery involving the maxilla generally requires the mounting of models on an articulator. Mounted casts facilitate detailed patient assessment and treatment planning, as well as allowing wafer construction to aid the three-dimensional surgical correction of dento-facial deformities and malocclusion. Systematic error in facebow transfer from the patient to the articulator is a contributing factor in the discrepancy between planned surgical movements and the final surgical result. This paper presents a simple technique that uses mini-spirit levels to allow commercially available semi-adjustable articulators to allow natural head position to be used as the horizontal reference plane rather than anatomical landmarks. We feel that this technique is another step towards error reduction in orthognathic surgery.
Clinical Relevance: Many orthognathic centres use commercially available semi-adjustable articulators that use anatomical landmarks to record the horizontal reference plane during facebow recording. These horizontal reference lines can differ significantly from the true horizontal line on which the patient is planned. The cross member of the articulator corresponds to the horizontal reference plane recorded and, if this is different from the true horizontal, then systematic error is introduced into orthognathic surgery.
Article
Orthognathic surgery involving the maxilla generally requires the mounting of models on an articulator. Mounted casts facilitate detailed assessment of the occlusion and allow model surgery to confirm the orthognathic plan prescribed by the clinical team. The mounted casts also facilitate construction of surgical wafers to aid the three-dimensional surgical movements to correct dento-facial deformities and malocclusion.1 The aim of this article is to inform the reader of one of the main potential sources of error in treating orthognathic patients, the transfer of maxillary position from patient to articulator. The authors also describe a simple method of facebow recording that reduces inaccuracies in the roll and pitch of the mounted maxillary cast.
A facebow is an instrument that uses three-point localization by two posterior references approximating to each of the temporomandibular joints, and an anterior reference point to relate the maxillary cast vertically to the selected horizontal reference plane.2 The purpose of this is two-fold:
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